{"product_id":"gaius-iulius-caesar-copia-1","title":"Rome under Julius Caesar","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal;\"\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment --\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis canvas depicts the map of the Roman world at the time of \u003cstrong\u003eGaius Julius Caesar\u003c\/strong\u003e, during the \u003cstrong\u003econquest of Gaul\u003c\/strong\u003e (58–50 BC) and the subsequent\u0026nbsp;\u003cstrong\u003eCivil war \u003c\/strong\u003e(49–44 BC), also including his unrealized strategic objectives: the campaign against \u003cstrong\u003eBurebista’s Dacia\u003c\/strong\u003e and the revenge expedition against \u003cstrong\u003eParthia,\u003c\/strong\u003e responsible for Crassus’ death in 53 BC.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the beginning of his proconsulship, Caesar received Illyricum and stationed three legions at Aquileia, perhaps with the intention of intervening against the growing power of the Dacians. The threat, however, diminished, and Caesar turned his attention to Gaul, launching the long campaign that earned him prestige, wealth, and a devoted army.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Crassus’ death at Carrhae (53 BC), the triumvirate dissolved and relations with Pompey deteriorated. In 50 BC, the Senate—urged on by Cato—ordered Caesar to disband his legions and return to Rome as a private citizen. His refusal led to the flight of the Caesarian tribunes of the plebs and to Caesar’s decision to cross the \u003cstrong\u003eRubicon\u003c\/strong\u003e in January 49 BC, uttering the historic phrase ‘\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eAlea iacta est\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e’ and beginning the civil war.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter his victory in Spain (49 BC), Caesar assumed power as dictator and confronted Pompey in the Balkans, defeating him at \u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePharsalus \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e(48 BC). He then pursued his rival to \u003cstrong\u003eEgypt\u003c\/strong\u003e, where Pompey was killed. There, Caesar supported \u003cstrong\u003eCleopatra \u003c\/strong\u003ein the dynastic conflict and became involved in the siege of Alexandria.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving restored order in the East with his swift victory over \u003cstrong\u003ePharnaces II\u003c\/strong\u003e in 47 BC (‘\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eveni, vidi, vici\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e’), Caesar returned to Rome and departed for Africa, where he defeated the Pompeians at \u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThapsus \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e(46 BC). The final resistance was crushed in Spain with the hard‑fought battle of \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMunda \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e(45 BC).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHaving become the absolute master of Rome, Caesar planned new campaigns against the Parthians, Dacians, and Germans, but his death in 44 BC ended all such projects. Many of these conquests would be achieved only in the Augustan or Trajanic periods, while Caesar retained the decisive merit of having subdued the Celtic world and consolidated Rome’s expansion in the West.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: normal;\"\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment --\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5 style=\"language: it; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; mso-line-break-override: none; word-break: normal; punctuation-wrap: hanging;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 362.312px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-ascii-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; color: black; mso-color-index: 1; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt; language: it; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eOrientation\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-ascii-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; color: black; mso-color-index: 1; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt; language: it; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eHorizontal\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eSize:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003e100x70 cm + 6 cm border = 112x82 cm\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eMaterial:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003ePrint on canvas (100% cotton)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003ePublished by:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eIBAM\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003ePrinted by:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eOVER Srl\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eYear of publication:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003e2026\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eItalian and English\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eType:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eHistory of Italy\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eSubject:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eAncient Rome: Gaius Julius Caesar\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eIllustrations by:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eDavide Percivalli\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eMap and texts by:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.8457%; height: 32.9375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Garamond; font-size: 16px;\"\u003eCristiano Sigurani\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003ch5 style=\"language: it; line-height: 90%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-align: left; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; mso-line-break-override: none; word-break: normal; punctuation-wrap: hanging;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch5 style=\"language: it; line-height: 90%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-align: left; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; mso-line-break-override: none; word-break: normal; punctuation-wrap: hanging;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch5 style=\"language: it; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; mso-line-break-override: none; word-break: normal; punctuation-wrap: hanging;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-ascii-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; color: black; mso-color-index: 1; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt; language: it; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003eATTENTION!\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch5 style=\"language: it; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; mso-line-break-override: none; word-break: normal; punctuation-wrap: hanging;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-ascii-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; color: black; mso-color-index: 1; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt; language: it; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eDOES NOT\u003c\/span\u003e INCLUDE FRAME.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003ch5 style=\"language: it; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; mso-line-break-override: none; word-break: normal; punctuation-wrap: hanging;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-ascii-font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: +mn-ea; mso-bidi-font-family: +mn-cs; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; color: black; mso-color-index: 1; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt; language: it; mso-style-textfill-type: solid; mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor: text1; mso-style-textfill-fill-color: black; mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha: 100.0%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eDOES NOT\u003c\/span\u003e INCLUDE WOODEN FRAME.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h5\u003e","brand":"Italia Bella Amore Mio","offers":[{"title":"High Definition Flat Printing","offer_id":56944776118617,"sku":"IBAM_ILL006","price":99.9,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Material effect with glossy finish","offer_id":56944776151385,"sku":"IBAM_ILL022","price":179.9,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0947\/8261\/9993\/files\/Impero_romano_Cesare.jpg?v=1780136866","url":"https:\/\/italiabellaamoremio.it\/en\/products\/gaius-iulius-caesar-copia-1","provider":"Italia Bella Amore Mio","version":"1.0","type":"link"}